Pregled prejšnjih preskušanj kaže, da uživanje ali preskakovanje zajtrka morda ne vpliva na zdravje osebe
zajtrk velja za »najpomembnejši obrok dneva« in vedno znova nasveti o zdravju priporočajo, da zajtrka ne smete preskočiti, da ohranite dobro zdravje. Verjame se, da zajtrk pospešuje naš metabolizem in če preskočimo jutranji obrok, lahko smo lačni pozneje v dnevu, kar nas lahko prepriča, da prenajedemo, največkrat pa nezdrave kalorije. To lahko povzroči neželeno teža gain. Some health experts argue that this theory could be one of the many myths related to diet which has been conditioned into our brains by previous generations. The exact zdravje Prednosti zajtrka je stalna razprava, za katero še ni bilo najdenih točnih odgovorov.
Pregled prejšnjih študij o koristih zajtrka
V novem sistematičnem pregledu, objavljenem v British Medical Journal, researchers from Monash University, Melbourne have analysed breakfast data collected from previous 13 randomized controlled trials carried out in last several decades to make their assessment and come to a well-weighed conclusion. These trials had either looked at teža changes (gain or loss) and/or total daily calorie or energy intake by a participant.The participants in all these previous studies were mostly obese people from UK and USA.It was seen that individuals who consumed breakfast ate more calories throughout the day (average of 260 calories more) and thus their average teža gain was 0.44 kg more than the people who skipped their first meal. This is a surprise find as earlier studies have shown the complete opposite, i.e. skipping breakfast makes people feel hungrier later in the day due to the hunger hormones and this can make people consume more food as they would try to compensate for the loss of energy intake in the morning.
These 13 studies collectively suggest that, firstly,eating breakfast is not anassured way to lose teža and secondly, skipping this first meal of the day may not be linked to teža gain either.Surprisingly, the studies conclude that eating or skipping breakfast makes no difference to ether teža gain or loss. Only one particular study found that skipping breakfast can lead to more calorie burn and this can cause higher levels of inflammation in the body which can affect one’s health.
These previous studies provide suitable quality of evidencesthough they have limitations and several bias as they were conducted over an extremely short period of time. One of them was only a24-hour study and the longest was also only 16 weeks. These durations may not be enough to arrive to generalized conclusions. Around one third of people in developing countries skip breakfast almost on a regular basis. People who tend to skip breakfast are likely to be poor, less healthy and they would have an overall poor diet which could be responsible for their teža gain or loss.
Zajtrk je priporočljiv za številne zdravstvene koristi, zlasti pri otrocih za boljšo koncentracijo, pozornost in dobro počutje v odraščajočih letih. Razprava o zajtrku se nadaljuje in bolj kakovostne študije, ki trajajo vsaj šest mesecev do enega leta, bi lahko zagotovile boljše razumevanje dolgoročnih učinkov vloge zajtrka pri uravnavanje telesne teže. Zdrava prehrana in vadba sta pomembni za splošno zdravje, prehranske potrebe pa se lahko razlikujejo za posameznike.
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Vir (i)
Sievert K et al. 2019. Vpliv zajtrka na težo in energijski vnos: sistematični pregled in metaanaliza randomiziranih kontroliranih preskušanj. British Medical Journal. 364. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l42
